Word Press Web Development Trends

Question: Talk about the Word Press Web Development Trends. Answer: Presentation In todays digitized world, web advancement is the second name for web and the web is expanding an exponential development in WebPages and applications that are interlinked over the web. Web designers have made new advanced encounters that are progressively vivid. This segment investigates how web improvement rose as the business, where it stands today and what might be its probable future. Web improvement industry is seeing a nonstop advancement with changes happening quick. Inside scarcely any months, things take new shapes and new abilities are included sites. The web advancement began with HTML programming in which designers hard-coded utilizing characteristics of the web language and conveyed the code through FTP server to see the outcomes. In any case, these were static sites that didn't serve the requirements of constant applications so later was brought the idea of backend programming where pages were progressively stacked by connecting front end interfaces with back end database frameworks that were utilized to recover information utilizing back end scripting dialects like PHP, VBScript and PERL. While server-side improvement was as yet the pattern in late 1990s, the rise of structure programming with Ruby on Rails totally changed the web advancement design. This represented the intensity of open source which has become the most encouraging pattern in web improvement today. There are as yet huge changes happening each day in web advancement patterns and the change is probably going to follow even in future. Changing patterns would influence the work situations and software engineers and web designers would need to adjust to the new requests of the web space. Advancement of Themes While software engineers dealt with the back end exchanges and interchanges, the front end the executives includes the board of plan and format of a site. With open source content administration frameworks like Wordpress, designers can make subjects that permit client redo the front finish of a site. These topics choose how substance recovered from database would be shown on the site, where it would be set on the website page, what typography would it use, and what explicit activities would be required on explicit kinds of client gadgets. In Wordpress, the subjects are propelled utilizing two kinds of records including index.php which is the layout document and style.css which gives the style to the format pages(Wordpress, 2016). Fate of Web improvement Web began with presentation of HTTP in 1991 followed by advancement of HTML language in 1992. Till 1994, HTML was the essential web language utilized for advancement of pages that ran on programs like Netscape, drama and Internet pilgrim. In the late 1994, HTML 2 was presented before long followed by expansion of SSL in 1995 and presentation of HTML 3 in late 1995. With HTML 3, new dialects like JavaScript and Flash were added to the universe of website pages by 1996. By 1997 and 1998, HTML was moved up to HTML 3.2 and HTML 4 after which came planning contents like CSS2 in 1998 followed by AJAX coding that appeared in 1999. By 2002, new programs like Safari and Firefox were presented following by expansion of XML scripting. 2008 was the beginning of the time of creator web applications that had rich interfaces that were created utilizing CSS 2D, 3D and CSS3 activity. The year 2011 saw expansion of touch occasions and full screen APIs that cleared path for freshest and increasingly ad vanced improvements in the web space(Google, 2016). This segment investigates the universe of web improvement after this concentrating on progresses found in the web advancement as of late and investigates the potential outcomes of more improvements sooner rather than later. Future Trends in Web improvement A portion of the patterns have just begun to get noticeable and are probably going to turn out to be progressively conspicuous in not so distant future in the field of web improvement. A portion of these include: Diminishing interest for PSD to CSS change: PSD to CSS or XHTML transformation would not stay a critical specialization that would get gigantic interest as there have been moves in the advancement space and more designers are being engaged with Wordpress improvement, server-side scripting, and different kinds of specialty work, for example, customization of open source programming. Expanding significance of Web Standards: Web guidelines are increasing more significance than any other time in recent memory with increasingly more open source innovations appearing. Organizations are moving from appropriateness programming advancement model to reception of open source programming frameworks. Appropriation of IT4IT structure by organizations like Shell and Delta Lloyd are exemplary instances of this move for a huge scope. These organizations have been known for advancement of appropriateness programming however have as of late received IT4IT open source structure for its IT the board rehearses. Future Trends in Theme Development There are various kinds of web advancement subjects that were presented in the course of recent years and some of them are picking up prominence as an ever increasing number of engineers use them today. In 2016, level plan was the most utilized subject and responsive structure got compulsory. Portable first plan was another jump in the advancement of web subjects as engineers utilized touch and signal contents to make includes that permitted versatile centered interactions(Weller, 2014). During that year, conversational interfaces like chatbots were added to structures. The present year 2017 is seeing organizations moving towards sincerely astute structures which would adapt the web innovation in not so distant future. In coming five years, a great deal of advancements are probably going to be found in feeling detecting innovation Advancement of human knowledge in the web innovations has just begun in the first place programs like Siri that can mirror human voice, Google RankBrain update that can recognize semantic discourse designs in people, and AI help calculations that have the ability to improve capacity frameworks by permitting increasingly effective and quicker edits(Alton, 2016). Various page components have gotten well known and are picking up space in topic improvement with the end goal that various styles of structure, introduction and customization are offered for them. These incorporate sliders, foundation, movement, responsive, and systems, menus(Brown, 2016). With contrasts in dealing with these components and utilization of various rising advancements, a few kinds of topics are probably going to pick up notoriety or develop in coming five years, for example, Responsive Themes: Having a responsive topic is not any more a decision yet a need for engineers as an ever increasing number of clients are utilizing various gadgets just as various assortment of programs to such an extent that any web application needs to fit well for watchers utilizing any sort of stage or any sort of program. In this way, engineers need to learn and propel their aptitudes in the territory of responsive web application improvement. Multipurpose Themes: These kinds of topics can permit an engineer grow practically any sort of site with any kinds of highlights included with elevated level of customization and personalization conceivable. Multipurpose topics permit a lot of adaptability to engineers and in this way, picking up notoriety. VR Optimized Themes: Another innovation pattern that would influence the advancement of subjects in coming future is ascent of computer generated reality which is currently being knowledgeable about web interfaces(Lindberg, 2017). At first, Virtual the truth was just connected with gaming destinations yet now modules are being created to offer help for VR pictures just as recordings on any site. Portable First Themes: Use of cell phones for perusing has gotten more well known than work area based hunt. The world web use report of 2016 states that piece of the pie of work area gadgets for web surfing has diminished to 48.74% while for portable; it has expanded to 51.26%. Subsequently, versatile advanced site has become not the pattern but rather an impulse and the world is gradually moving towards portable first technique. Indeed, even Google has begun to suggest versatile first system for getting higher positioning in SEO(Spaco Technologies, 2017). Video Headers in Themes: Wordpress topics presently accompany an element called video header which permits clients to make video put together headers with respect to a website page. Video headers are turning out to be pattern through not received by most yet can see some more advances in not so distant future. Other than these particular topic types, distinctive UI designs have multiplied with responsive subject plans clearing a path for presentation of various examples of User Interface, for example, split screen, squares network format for web based business, energized stories in formats, long looks for single site visit, etc. End As the web world sees visit changes occurring and with presentation of new ideas and advancements like open source system, computer generated reality, and shrewd computerized reasoning, the patterns of web improvement would change further and dependent on the necessities of future, software engineers and we designers would need to learn and receive to the evolving prerequisites. In this manner, the subject of web improvement is of prime significance as it will influence the manner in which whole world fills in as the majority of the world will get digitized in not so distant future to such an extent that web advancement would turn into the most encouraging vocation for programming software engineers. References Alton, L. (2016, January 7). Application Improvement AI And The Future Of Web Development. Recovered April 15, 2017, from TechCrunch: https://techcrunch.com/2016/01/07/is-application improvement-ai-the-eventual fate of-web-advancement/ Earthy colored, R. A. (2016, January 30). A Forecast of 2016 Web Design Trends. Recovered April 15, 2017, from elegantthemes: https://www.elegantthemes.com/blog/assets/2016-website architecture patterns Google. (2016). The Evolution of the Web. Recovered April 15, 2017, from Evolution of Web: https://www.evolutionoftheweb.com/?hl=en Lindberg, O. (2017, Jan 10). 17 Web Design Trends To Watch in 2017. Recovered April 15, 2017, from Shopify: https://www.shopify.com/accomplice

My Summer Narrative Essay Essay

Account Essay It was a sweltering summer day in the year 2002 when I went outdoors with my family in Savannah, Georgia. I will always remember this day on the grounds that it’s the day I took in the exercise that on the off chance that I don’t comply with my folks the outcomes will be huge. I was distinctly around six years of age when we previously maneuvered into the campsite. Obviously being a small kid the main thing I saw was this excessive play area out close to the street. At the point when me and my sister, Natalie who was around seven as of now, saw it we both took a gander at one another and realized we would go play on that play area. We maneuvered into our campground that was situated close to the exceptionally back of the recreation center and our folks fired unloading everything and setting up the RV. They were making it evident they needed us out of their way. They snatched our dolls, bicycles and chalk out of the vehicle and instructed us to go play. Natalie and I realized this was the ideal time to go play on the play area that we saw on our way in. Incidentally there was a play area directly by our campground also. We thought of the ideal arrangement. We would advise our folks we would go play on the play area and stunt into them into speculation we implied the one right close to our campground. In all actuality we anticipated setting off to the enormous one close to the front of the campsite and not need to lie all the while. So we snatched our bicycles and inquired as to whether we could ride over to the play area and play. The two of them said truly, so we headed out towards what we thought was the most lovely play area we’ve ever observed. It was likely around a brief bicycle ride for us to arrive. We dropped our bicycles and raced to the play area and began playing. About a half hour passed when my sister Natalie chose she needed to utilize the bathroom. So she headed over to the opposite side of the play area away from the street and chose to go. By this point we saw there was this blue truck that drove past a couple of times while we were there. We started to get somewhat terrified and thought perhaps we should begin returning to the camper. No sooner than we got back on our bicycles our mother and father came driving up with outrage in their eyes. Me and Natalie realized we were going to be in a difficult situation. Similarly as my folks escaped the vehicle the man in the blue truck halted and strolled over. He began criticizing my folks and disclosed to them they can’t let their children go around with no management. He additionally said he was the administrator and told my folks Natalie sed the bathroom directly out in the open. My folks apologized to the man and afterward caused us to apologize too. The chief acknowledged our expression of remorse and revealed to us we weren’t permitted back on that specific play area for the remainder of our remain. By this point my our folks were angry and gave me and Nat alie a brief talk about the risks of them not knowing where we were and not having the option to see us. They got us and our bicycles and we made a beeline for the campground. At the point when we got back they took all our toys and our bicycles and we were advised we weren’t permitted to join any of the exercises the remainder of the week. That week my family swam, horse back riding and climbing. Natalie and I didn’t get the chance to do any of it and our kin ensured they let us know after each movement how fun it was. It was a period I’ll always remembered. It appears everything appears to be a lot more horrendous when you are youthful. I took in the exercise that I ought to comply with my folks regardless of whether I don’t essentially need to. I’m not saying there aren’t times I don’t conflict with their will; however since the time that day I ponder internally and investigate if the standard that I am going to break merits the results I’ll need to pay on the off chance that I get captured.

Why graduate school is going global COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Why graduate school is going global COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Business. Politics. Education. Public Health. Communications. Job-seekers are realizing a new reality: most careers â€" down to the local level â€" have an international component to them. It’s all global now. Whether you’re interested in the public, private, or non-governmental sector, you cannot escape the internationalization of the job market. An understanding of international affairs is critical for success. People and products move fluidly around the world. Ninety-five percent of the world’s consumers live outside of the United States. One in five American jobs is tied to international trade (Texas alone has seen an 84% increase in such jobs in the last 20 years). The U.S. Department of Commerce expects more than 88 million international visitors per year will come to the United States by 2019, up from 69.8 million in 2013. There are more than 25.7 million immigrants in the civilian U.S. workforce, according to the Migration Policy Institute, so â€" chances are â€" dealing with coworkers, employees, or even your boss already requires some cross-cultural understanding. Health, environmental, and security challenges do not follow national borders either, as the recent situation with Ebola patients in several states demonstrates. Are you ready for this global marketplace? Can you follow the economic, security, and political factors influencing the places with which you’d like to do business? Do you know how to attract international tourists (and the millions of dollars in revenue they represent) to your community? Can you communicate successfully with your constituents and colleagues from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds? Can you monitor developments around the world, identify challenges, and recommend ways for your organization to address them? So, How Do I Prepare? Job-seekers in every sector need to prepare now for the job market of the future with key international competencies. Know how to evaluate trends across a global landscape. Be ready to succinctly explain other countries’ political, economic, social, and security situations so as to anticipate where opportunities and risks might emerge. Learn to communicate with those from different backgrounds and pay attention to cultural cues to guide a successful conversation or negotiation. While many presume that the only path to success lies with a law or MBA program, the study of international affairs enables you to master the elements of our complex, interconnected world and sets you apart from other candidates. International affairs programs equip graduates with an understanding of regions, languages, and global trends, as well as project management, trade and economic development, and analytical skills. Teaching methods stress the application of theory to practical issues. Joint degrees enable students to combine technical programs in public health, business, law, or computer systems with a focus on international affairs. Cross-cultural training is part of the curriculum, as well as a part of daily life when students mix with classmates from a diverse range of backgrounds. More than 800,000 international students attend U.S. institutions of higher education. They are preparing for the international marketplace and learning important cross-cultural skills. Are you ready? It’s all global now. With training in the competencies of international affairs, you can be a competitive candidate for jobs today and into the future. Want to learn more? Join SIPA and the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA) during our  Graduate School Recruitment Fairs across the globe this fall. See our recruitment schedule here. Article and Image Reprinted With Permission By Carmen Iezzi Mezzera, Executive Director, Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (@apsiainfo), via CareersinGovernment.com.

Human Emotions In The Things They Carried - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1084 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/04/11 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: The Things They Carried Essay Did you like this example? Tim OBriens The Things They Carried is not only a novel about the Vietnam War and the tragedies that befell the soldiers, but a in depth dive into the experiences and emotions that are brought on by the perils of war and the power of humans to overcome these traumas and prevail. OBrien is able to make statements about the calamity of war through powerful characters. The author The pain and suffering those soldiers must endure during these wars and the fear of death that comes with it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Human Emotions In The Things They Carried" essay for you Create order Tim OBriens The Things They Carried highlights the overwhelming power of how human emotions affect people. War is hell, but thats not the half of it, because war is also mystery and terror and adventure and courage and discovery and holiness and pity and despair and longing and love. War is nasty; war is fun. War is thrilling; war is drudgery. War makes you a man; war makes you dead. (80) This passage in the story very strongly shows the realism of war and how the soldiers felt about being a part of it. Most soldiers werent even old enough to drink alcohol, young people in their twenties that hadnt experienced life to the fullest, but were sent out to an unknown country to fight a war with only the feelings of fear and confusion by their side. Fear was one of the strongest emotions that all soldiers carried throughout the novel. Every soldier that takes part in the horrors of war carried this emotion. In a blog by Jeffrey Michael Bryant called The Next Level of Being Bryant rates fear as the worst people emotion that humans have. Many other negative emotions tend to stem from fear, which is why Bryant believes that fear is the most devastating emotion to someones psyche. Soldiers during was experienced fear every second of their life during the war and even away from it. It is one of the things they carried. Obriens character at one point exclaims I sometimes felt the fear spreading inside me like weeds. I imagined myself dead. I imagined myself doing things I could not do†charging an enemy position, taking aim at another human being (OBrien 42). This passage was taken when OBrien was drafted to go to Vietnam, he experienced the fear that all soldiers leaving their country do imagining what he would have to do to survive and even if he would survive. Fear is a driving point in all humans and stems out to many other emotions these deep crippling emotions were one of many things that soldiers during war must carry. The raw unrelenting fear leaves an imprint on soldiers that are so vile that many are unable to recover even after leaving the warzone, all of this f ear had to be carried by all soldiers during the Vietnam war. Another emotion carried by soldiers during the Vietnam War was pain, one of the most incapacitating emotions that human being experience. Pain was brought upon in many ways during the war. It was both a physical and psychological pain that people were put through during the war. Most men during the war carried things that were of sentimental value such as the heavy machine gunner Henry Dobbins carrying his girlfriends pantyhose around his neck or the religious Kiowa carrying the New Testament, a gift from his father; but many men were common low-ranking soldiers that carried the standard m-16 assault rifle and several magazines of ammunition. The weight of the weapons they carried put a strain on their bodies that would trigger physical pain that as well as the psychological pain of having to carry weapons to survive and to kill order to do so. The pain of friends dying besides them was a common pain soldiers endured, a pain that in many cases would never leave the soldiers. This is seen in the novel when Tim talks about his fellow soldiers Curt Lemon and Kiowa. Im forty-three years old, and a writer now, and the war has been over for a long while. Much of it is hard to remember. I sit at this typewriter and stare through my words and watch Kiowa sinking into the deep muck of a shit field, or Curt Lemon hanging in pieces from a tree, and as I write about these things, the remembering is turned into a kind of rehappening. Kiowa yells at me. Curt Lemon steps from the shade into bright sunlight, his face brown and shining, and then he soars into a tree. The bad stuff never stops happening: it lives in its own dimension, replaying itself over and over. (OBrien 31) This passage explains the tremendous pain of losing a friend on the battlefield especially when they are supposed to protect on another and sometimes cant. O`Brien is able to capture the realism of pain that soldiers experience in war and how difficult it is to overcome the trauma that war induced on many soldiers during their time in Vietnam. Many people during war suffer loss, and many soldiers during the Vietnam War were unable to avoid the devastating emotion of loss. Many soldiers during the war carried pictures or mementos of loved ones to get them through the difficult days of war. Almost every soldier carried something to connect them to home. Some brought items that could be described as silly or random to remind them of their home. In the book What Happened in Name Hynes describes soldiers bringing things to remind them of their civilian lives. They brought their civilian tastes and habits with them-their radios, their tapes, their paperbacks, and their comic books-and what they didnt have the army provided (Hynes 184). Soldiers carried items from home to remind them of simpler times and give them strength even in the perils of war. These items are a reminder that they are not home with the people they love and this reminder turns into a sense of loss, the loss of time that may cause soldiers to become depressed and homesick. The loss of friends on the battlefield was common and scarred many soldiers. The death of a close friend whom they couldnt protect was carried around with the soldier even after they left. The feeling of loss can warp a soldiers mind into believing that they could have done something different. Soldiers would feel disgusted at themselves for not being able to protect their friends, this loss would bring the soldiers back into the reality of war.

The Gem Of The Ocean, Joe Turner s Come And Gone And The...

Myth as a semiological system in August Wilson’s Gem of the Ocean, Joe Turner’s Come and Gone and The Piano Lesson Abstract Myths are one of the most important elements included in the history of not only African-American lives but also the lives of each and every one of us. Myths are inevitable human resources at times when no other idea justifies our being. As Barthes posits, for it is human history which converts reality into speech, and it alone rules the life and the death of mythical language. Ancient or not, mythology can only have an historical foundation, for myth is a type of speech chosen by history: it cannot possibly evolve from the nature of things. This study looks into the significance of Myths and their determining roles as semiological systems in August Wilson s dramatic twentieth century cycle plays; Gem of the Ocean, Joe Turner’s Come and Gone and The Piano Lesson. In these plays, myths take the forms of individuals, rituals and even ancestral objects. It can be observed that each one of these elements performs the most important role in conveying the significance of the Afric an-American psyche and delicately portrays the eminent influence of ancestral backgrounds in shaping the lives of each character. The works of scholars such as Roland Barthes, Henry Gates, as well as many more, have been employed to better grasp this matter. Key words: Myth, semiological system, African-American psyche, mythical language, ritual Introduction

What aspects of this passage are of interest, considering the novel as a whole Free Essays

In this passage, a number of key themes are introduced into the novel. Waugh highlights Guy’s dislocation in society and his feelings of loneliness and exclusion. Waugh also satirises the upper class of society greatly throughout the novel and particularly in this passage. We will write a custom essay sample on What aspects of this passage are of interest, considering the novel as a whole? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Other themes presented in the passage which are important to the novel as a whole are themes of selfishness and justice. In the passage, Waugh portrays as lonely and excluded from society at the time. From the statement, ‘There was always someone going Guy’s way towards his hotel, always a friendly arm. But his heart was lonely. , we can see that Guy is unable to find a female companion which adds to his loneliness and gives his life less purpose. Furthermore, he seeks comfort from the old soldiers but ‘Guy found no sympathy among these old soldiers for his own hot indignation’. Guy seems to be insulted by the fact he is not able to lead the life of a typical soldier and feel a sense of inclusion. Later in the novel, Guy psychologically excludes himself from the rest of his regiment by saying ‘It looks as though I am going to be an extra mouth’, implying that he is not useful to society at the time, giving his life little purpose. By describing Guy’s situation, Waugh is questioning whether society fulfils its purpose of making people feel included and useful. Guy’s age acts as a barrier between him and the younger soldiers who call him ‘Uncle’, emphasised when ‘He was excused from parades and Physical Training’ because of his injury. Before the passage, Waugh explains that ‘Guy alone was a stranger among them’. Waugh’s use of emotive language such as ‘Guy alone’ and the word ‘stranger’ help create an image of loneliness, as Guy is different from the rest of the men. Guy’s inability to live a life of fulfilment and feel a sense of inclusion plays a part in Waugh’s satirising of the upper class. Waugh suggests that the exclusivity of the upper class prevents Guy living a life of fulfilment. Guy wants to become a part of the war effort in order to make himself useful but finds himself being excluded. This is supported by Lord Kilbannock who remarks that ‘It’s a very exclusive war at present. Once you’re in, there’s every opportunity. Waugh is able to satirise the upper class by ridiculing the principles, actions and traditions of the Halberdiers. Waugh often patronises the Halberdiers with Guy thinking ‘†¦ it seemed impossible that anything conducted by the Halberdiers could fall short of excellence’. However, this statement is ironic as, in the same chapter, Guy and half a dozen of the Halberdiers receive the wrong order, culminating in them missing the train to their new destination, Kut-al-Imara House. This shows that the Halberdiers give the appearance of a well organised force, but in reality, they are not an efficient fighting force. Waugh also satirises the upper class through the use of double-barreled names. In the passage, the name ‘Box-Bender’ is mentioned. Throughout the novel, Waugh uses double-barrelled names for numerous characters, such as ‘Ritchie-Hook, Sarum-Smith’ and a triple-barrelled name for ‘Grace-Groundling-Marchpole’. In their endeavour to remain exclusive, they have embellished their names to the extent of comical pomposity. However, the name ‘Crouchback’ serves only to exclude Guy yet further, giving a pathetic image of a poor, old man bent over with a sore back. The exclusiveness of the upper class is translated into the theme of selfishness by many characters throughout the novel. Firstly, many young soldiers had their lives ruined by generals such as Ritchie-Hook who were prepared to carelessly ‘spend them’. In the passage, Waugh argues that ‘Most of them had gone straight from school to the trenches and spent the rest of their lives forgetting the mice and lice and noise. ‘ The repetition of the word ‘and’ in this sentence emphasises the negative aspects of war. Secondly, in this novel as a whole, Virginia represents the selfishness of the upper class. She is prepared to use men for their money and leave them if they lose their money. For example, when talking to Guy outside the passage, Virginia reminisces ‘It was the year everyone went broke†¦ That was another of the troubles with Tommy’ and ‘Money gone, Me gone, all in one go’. Both these comments show that Virginia left her husbands when they had no money, illustrating her lack of principles and selfishness. Waugh extends the theme of selfishness in the novel to society in general, when the hotel owners raise their prices such as at the Marine Hotel. Managements and servants had settled down to the simple policy of doing less than they had done before, for rather more money. ‘ They are exploiting their fellow countrymen as they know that comfortable accommodation is at a premium. The moral issues involving Apthorpe’s selfish and ruthless attitude to promotion relate to the theme of justice in the novel. During the passage, justice is considered briefly by the old soldiers. Box-Bender’s view is that ‘You’d have a general strike and the whole country in collapse if you set up to be just’. This reinforces the moral issue that a selfish, immoral man finds it easier to progress in our society, illustrated by men in authority such as the Brigade Major and Ritchie-Hook. Guy takes the Brigade Major’s advice and takes a bottle of whisky to Apthorpe in hospital as an act of kindness, but this results in the death of Apthorpe for which he is forced to take full responsibility. Neither the Brigade Major nor Ritchie-Hook give him any support. This event shows that army life encourages a ruthless, selfish attitude as a lack of justice within the army ranks will ensure this type of character succeeds. How to cite What aspects of this passage are of interest, considering the novel as a whole?, Papers

Ode To Franz Liszt Essays - Franz Liszt, Piano Pedagogues

Ode To Franz Liszt Ode to Franz Liszt A prophetic voice, borne on the golden wings of time, Transcends the beat of the human drum...ever sublime Ancient strategic dots that plot a masterful score Slumber for a century till given life once more Clay digits cascade over ivories, black and white, Summoning reveries that croon and howl in the night More profound than the Pole or diverse than all his peers His rich tapestry of sound soaks in blood, sweat and tears Once Prometheus bound his exhumed spirit now soars Enlightening future generations both mine and yours Enraptured by a Lisztian whirlwind of vivid sound Heaven joyously splits open... a hero is crowned. Richard DiSilvio Franz Liszt (1811-1886) Liszt's influence as a, pianist, composer, and great personality spans almost the entire nineteenth century and is felt into the twentieth. He was born with the first generation of romantic composers, Berlioz, Chopin, Schumann, and Mendelssohn. But he outlived them all and played a hugely significant role in the development of the ?music of the future.? Franz Liszt was born in 1811 in Raiding, Hungary. By the age of six it was obvious that he was no ordinary child. His father gave him piano lessons and arranged for Franz to play for many aristocrats in hopes that someone would sponsor his son's musical education. At the age of nine he won an award to study in Vienna. He studied piano with Carl Czerny, prot?g? of Beethoven, and composition with Antonio Salieri. He continued touring Europe until the age of 17, performing for the likes of King George IV and Beethoven. By this time he had already written his first and only opera, Don Sanche, that was performed in Paris and many virtuoso pieces. Liszt established himself as a master of the piano. Some have dubbed him the ?King? or ?God? of piano. Moscheles, who heard a performance in London, wrote, ?In its power and mastery of every difficulty Liszt's playing surpasses anything previously heard.? Liszt took up full time residence in Paris where he spent much of his time with the greats of literature, music, and art such as Victor Hugo, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Delacriox, Berlioz, Paganini. This time in Paris was filled with romance and culture. Liszt developed his complex aesthetic character. He was still developing as a composer, though. Most of his work at this time consisted of transcribing works of other composers such as Paganini, Gounod, Verdi, and Wagner. In 1834, at the age of 23, he and his scandalous lover, the Countess Marie d'Agoult eloped to Switzerland. Her wealth provided him the opportunity to devote himself to composing. During this period Liszt wrote the Transcendental Etudes, Lelio Fantasy, and 12 Grand Etudes to name a few. He was prolific. By 1843 Liszt had established himself as a composer of symphonic poems. He is credited with inventing this genre of music. He wrote songs of Goethe, Heine, and Hugo, and his first Hungarian Rhapsody. This era is the height of Lisztomania, an incredibly successful tour all over Europe in which he originates the solo piano recital, calling them ?soliloquies.? He was the first to fully orchestrate the piano. During Lisztomania he also began a new style of conducting, breathing life into the works instead of merely signaling a beat. Liszt was also recognized as an altruist. He promoted the work of other composers such as Faure, Debussy, Saint-Saens, and Grieg. He gave free concerts to raise money for charities, and he mentored such young talent as Berlioz and Wagner free of charge. In 1847 he officially retired as a performer never accepting another fee for a concert. He met the second great love of his life, Princess Carolyne Sayn-Wittgenstein in Kiev after having broken with Marie. She eventually joined him in Weimar where he had been appointed Grand Ducal Director of Music Extraordinaire. He settled here producing some of his greatest works, Les Preludes, the Dante and Faust Symphonies, Twelve Symphonic Poems including Hamlet, and Hungaria, and the Sonata in B for Piano. In 1860 Liszt moved to Rome. He divided his time between Weimar, Budapest, and Rome until his death in 1886. Liszt continued to compose, teach, and perform until he died at the age of 74. He had his critics, but his style has shaped music to

Black History Month and Lesser Known African-Americans

Black History Month and Lesser Known African-Americans The term little known black Americans can refer to all the people who have made contributions to America and to civilization, but whose names are not as well-known as many others or not known at all. For instance, we hear about Martin Luther King Jr., George Washington Carver, Sojourner Truth, Rosa Parks, and many other famous Black Americans, but what have you heard about Edward Bouchet, or Bessie Coleman, or Matthew Alexander Henson? Black Americans have been making contributions to America from the start, but like countless other Americans whose achievements have altered and enriched our lives, these Black Americans remain unknown. Its important, though, to point out their contributions because too often people dont realize that Black Americans have been making contributions to our country from its inception. In many cases, what they accomplished they managed to do against all odds, in spite of overwhelming obstacles. These people are an inspiration to everyone who finds him or herself in circumstances that seem impossible to overcome. Early Contributions In 1607, English settlers arrived in what would later become Virginia and founded a settlement they named Jamestown. In 1619, a Dutch ship arrived in Jamestown and traded its cargo of slaves for food. Many of these slaves later were freemen with their own land, contributing to the success of the colony. We do know some of their names, like Anthony Johnson, and its a pretty interesting story. But Africans were involved in more than settling Jamestown. Some were part of the early explorations of the New World. For example, Estevanico, a slave from Morocco, was part of a group who had been asked by the Mexican Viceroy in 1536 to go on an expedition into the territories that are now Arizona and New Mexico. He went ahead of the groups leader and was the first non-native to set foot in those lands. While most Blacks originally arrived in America primarily as slaves, many were free by the time the Revolutionary War was fought. One of these was Crispus Attucks, the son of a slave. Most of them, though, like so many who fought in that war, remain relatively nameless to us. But anyone who thinks that it was only the white man who chose to fight for the principle of individual freedom might want to take a look at the Forgotten Patriots Project from the DAR (Daughters of the American Revolution). They have documented the names of thousands of African-Americans, Native Americans, and those of mixed heritage who fought against the British for freedom. Not-So-Famous Black Americans You Should Know George Washington Carver (1864-1943)Carver is a well-known African-American. Who isnt aware of his work with peanuts? Hes on this list, though, because of one of his contributions that we dont often hear about: The Tuskegee Institute Movable School. Carver established this school to introduce modern agricultural techniques and tools to farmers in Alabama. Movable schools are now used around the world.Edward Bouchet (1852-1918)Bouchet was the son of a former slave who had moved to New Haven, Connecticut. Only three schools there accepted Black students at the time, so Bouchets educational opportunities were limited. However, he managed to get admitted to Yale and became the first African-American to earn a Ph.D. and the 6th American of any race to earn one in physics. Although segregation prevented him from attaining the kind of position he should have been able to get with his outstanding credentials (6th in his graduating class), he taught for 26 years at the Institute for Colored Y outh, serving as an inspiration to generations of young African-Americans. Jean Baptiste Point du Sable (1745?-1818)DuSable was a Black man from Haiti is who is credited with founding Chicago. His father was a Frenchman in Haiti and his mother was an African slave. Its not clear how he arrived in New Orleans from Haiti, but once he did, he traveled from there to what is now modern-day Peoria, Illinois. Although he was not the first to pass through the area, he was the first to establish a permanent settlement, where he lived for at least twenty years. He set up a trading post on the Chicago River, where it meets Lake Michigan, and became a wealthy man with a reputation as a man of good character and sound business acumen.Matthew Alexander Henson (1866-1955)Henson was the son of free-born tenant farmers, but his early life was difficult. He started his life as an explorer at the age of eleven when he ran away from an abusive home. In 1891, Henson went with Robert Peary on the first of several trips to Greenland. Peary was determined to find the geographic No rth Pole. In 1909, Peary and Henson went on what was to be their final trip, the one on which they reached the North Pole. Henson was actually the first to set foot on the North Pole, but when the two returned home, it was Peary who received all the credit. Because he was Black, Henson was virtually ignored. Bessie Coleman (1892 -1926)Bessie Coleman was one of 13 children born to a Native American father and an African-American mother. They lived in Texas and faced the kinds of difficulties many Black Americans faced at the time, including segregation and disenfranchisement. Bessie worked hard in her childhood, picking cotton and helping her mother with the laundry she took in. But Bessie didnt let any of it stop her. She educated herself and managed to graduate from high school. After seeing some newsreels on aviation, Bessie became interested in becoming a pilot, but no U.S flight schools would accept her because she was Black and because she was female. Undeterred, she saved enough money to go to France where she heard women could be pilots. In 1921, she became the first Black woman in the world to earn a pilots license.Lewis Latimer (1848-1928)Latimer was the son of runaway slaves who had settled in Chelsea, Massachusetts. After serving in the U.S. Navy during the Civil War, Latimer got a job as an office boy in a patent office. Because of his ability to draw, he became a draftsman, eventually getting promoted to be the head draftsman. Although he has a large number of inventions to his name, including a safety elevator, perhaps his greatest achievement is his work on the electric light bulb. We can thank him for the success of Edisons lightbulb, which originally had a lifespan of just a few days. It was Latimer who found a way to create a filament system that prevented the carbon in the filament from breaking, thereby extending the life of the lightbulb. Thanks to Latimer, lightbulbs became cheaper and more efficient, which made it possible for them to be installed in homes and on the ​streets. Latimer was the only Black American on Edisons elite team of inventors. What we  love about the biographies of these six people is that not only did they have exceptional talent, but they did not allow the circumstances of their birth to determine who they were or what they could accomplish. That is certainly a lesson for all of us.

Resources for Teaching Tolerance and Anti-Racism

Resources for Teaching Tolerance and Anti-Racism    People are not born racist. As former U.S. President Barack Obama, quoting Nelson Mandela, former president of South Africa, tweeted shortly after the tragic events in Charlottesville August 12, 2017 in which the university town was overtaken by white supremacists and hate groups, resulting in the killing  of a counter protester, Heather Heyer,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin or his background or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.† Very young children do not naturally choose friends based on the color of their skin. In a  video created by the BBC children’s network CBeebies, Everyones Welcome,  pairs of children explain the differences between themselves without referring to the color of their skin or ethnicity, even though those differences exist. As Nick Arnold writes in What Adults Can Learn About Discrimination From Kids, according to Sally Palmer, Ph.D., lecturer in the Department of Human Psychology and Human Development at University College London, it is not that they dont notice the color of their skin, it is that the color of their skin is not what is important to them. Racism is Learned Racism is learned behavior. A 2012 study by Harvard University researchers showed that children as young as three years of age  can adopt racist behavior when exposed to it, even though they may not understand â€Å"why.†Ã‚  According to renowned social psychologist Mazarin Banaji, Ph.D., children are quick to pick up on racist and prejudicial cues from adults and their environment. When  white children were shown faces of different skin colors with ambiguous facial expressions, they showed a pro-white bias. This was determined by the fact that they ascribed a happy face to a perceived white skin color and an angry face to a face that they perceived to be black or brown. In the study, black children who were tested showed no color-bias. Banaji maintains that racial bias can be unlearned, though, when children are in situations where they are exposed to diversity and they witness and are part of positive interactions between different groups of people acting as equals.   Racism is learned by the example of one’s parents, caregivers, and other influential adults, through personal experience, and through the systems of our society that promulgate it, both explicitly  and implicitly. These implicit biases permeate not only our individual decisions but also our societal structure. The New York Times has created a series of informative videos explaining implicit biases.   There are Different Types of Racism According to social science, there are seven main forms of racism: representational, ideological, discursive, interactional, institutional, structural, and systemic. Racism can be defined in other ways as well - reverse racism, subtle racism, internalized racism, colorism. In 1968, the day after Martin Luther King was shot, the anti-racism expert and former third-grade teacher,  Jane Elliott, devised a now-famous but then-controversial experiment for her all-white third-grade class in Iowa to teach the children about racism, in which she separated them by eye color into blue and brown, and showed extreme favoritism toward the group with blue eyes. She has conducted this experiment repeatedly for different groups since then, including the audience for an Oprah Winfrey show in 1992, known as  The Anti-Racism Experiment That Transformed an Oprah Show. People in the audience were separated by eye color; those with blue eyes were discriminated against while those with brown eyes were treated favorably.  The reactions of the audience were illuminating,  showing  how quickly some people came to identify with their eye color group  and behave prejudicially,  and what it felt like to be the ones who were being treated unfairly.   Microaggressions are another expression of racism. As explained in Racial Microagressions in Everyday Life, Racial microaggressions are brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults toward people of color. An example of microaggression falls under assumption of criminal status and includes someone crossing to the other side of the street to avoid a person of color. This list of microagressions serves as a tool to  recognize them and the messages they send.   Unlearning Racism Racism in the extreme is manifested by groups such as the KKK and other white supremacist groups. Christoper Picciolini is the founder of the group Life After Hate.  Picciolini is a former member of a hate group, as are all the members of Life After Hate. On Face the Nation  in  Aug. 2017, Picciolini said that the people who are radicalized and join hate groups are not motivated by ideology but rather a search for identity, community, and purpose. He stated that if theres a brokenness underneath that person they tend to search for those in really negative pathways. As this group proves, even extreme racism can be unlearned, and the mission of this organization is to help counter violent extremism and to help those participating in hate groups  find pathways out of them. Congressman  John Lewis,  a prominent Civil Rights leader, said, The scars and stains of racism are still deeply embedded in the American society. But as experience shows us, and leaders  remind us, what people learn, they can also unlearn, including racism. While racial progress is real, so is racism. The need for anti-racist education is also real.   Following are some anti-racism resources that may be of interest to educators, parents, caregivers, church groups, and  individuals for use in schools, churches, businesses, organizations, and for  self-assessment and awareness. Anti-Racism Curricula, Organizations,  and Projects The Race Card Project  :  The Race Card Project was created in 2010 by NPR Journalist Michele Norris to foster a conversation about race. In order to promote an exchange of ideas and perceptions from people of different backgrounds, races, and ethnicities  Norris asks people to distill their thoughts, experiences, and observations  about race into one sentence that only has six words and submit them to the Race Card wall. In 2014, The Race Card Project was awarded a prestigious George Foster  Peabody Award for excellence in electronic communications for turning a pejorative phrase into a productive and far-reaching dialogue on a difficult topic.RACE: Are We so Different?:  This website is a project of the American Anthropological Association and is funded by the Ford Foundation and the National Science Foundation. It looks at race through three different lenses: history, human variation, and lived experience. It offers activities for students and resources for families, t eachers, and researchers. It is based on a traveling exhibit by the same name. Educating for Equity:   Educating for Equity is  the website and consulting business of Ali Michael, Ph.D., who is the co-founder and director of The Race Institute for K-12 Educators  and the author of several books having to do with race, including  Raising Race Questions: Whiteness, Inquiry, and Education (Teachers College Press, 2015), which won the 2017 Society of Professors of Education Outstanding Book Award. The Race Institute for K-12 Educators is a workshop for educators to help them develop a positive racial identity so that they can support the positive racial identity development of their students.  A comprehensive list of  Anti-Racism Resources for Teachers  is included on this website.   The Storytelling Project Curriculum:  Learning About Race and Racism Through Storytelling and the Arts  (this  Columbia University form  enables free use of the curriculum and requests feedback to the creators):  The Storytelling Project Curriculum, created th rough Barnard College, analyzes race and racism in the United States through storytelling and the arts. Using four different story types - stock stories (those told by the dominant group); concealed stories (told by people in the margins); resistance stories (told by people who have resisted racism); counter stories (deliberately constructed to challenge the stock stories) - to make the information more accessible to students, to connect the political and the personal, and to inspire change. For middle and high school students. Anti-Racism Activity: ‘The  Sneetches’  :  Through Teaching Tolerance, this curriculum for grades K-5 uses Dr. Seusss book,  The Sneetches as a springboard for discussion about discrimination and how students can  take responsibility for their environment.  What are Microaggressions and Why Should We Care?:  A course developed by the Unitarian Universalist Association on learning to recognize and deal with microaggressions in daily life.    Resources and Further Reading How Teachers Learn to Discuss Racism, The Atlantic,  https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2017/01/how-teachers-learn-to-discuss-racism/512474/  Can Science Help People Unlearn Their Unconscious Biases?, Smithsonian Magazine,  smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/can-science-help-people-unlearn-their-unconscious-biases-180955789/Can You Unlearn Racism By Re-training Your Brain?, Bustle,  https://www.bustle.com/articles/184790-can-you-unlearn-racism-by-re-training-your-brainHow Do We Unlearn Racism? Complex Life,  complex.com/life/2016/11/how-do-we-unlearn-racism5 key anti-racism resources for teachers, courtesy of #CharlottesvilleCurriculum , Chalkbeat,  https://www.chalkbeat.org/posts/us/2017/08/14/5-key-anti-racism-resources-for-teachers-courtesy-of-charlottesvillecurriculum/Racism in America: It’s so pervasive that white people pay less for car insurance, Salon,  salon.com/2017/04/07/racism-in-america-its-so-pervasive-that-white-people-pay-less-for-car-in surance_partner/ Racial Progress Is Real. But So Is Racist Progress., New York Times,  https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/21/opinion/sunday/racial-progress-is-real-but-so-is-racist-progress.html?mcubz0White Anti-Racism: Living the Legacy,  Teaching Tolerance,  https://www.tolerance.org/professional-development/white-antiracism-living-the-legacy

Individual skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual skills - Essay Example (Cantor and Blanton, 1996) Currently, I am undertaking a Bachelor degree and I am in my second year undertaking a degree program is geared towards applied business sector and equips students with necessary skills and knowledge that will enable them to work in the business and industry sector. The program is a four year course and I m thus reaming with two more years. School is easy for me; I am naturally a smart kid. Even though, I have many assignments and homework to do I rarely seek assistance from my friends. Luckily, for me I am very independent and capable of doing them myself. I got straight A's throughout my first year in college. In the second year where I am currently have continued to get good grades in all my subjects. Severally reasons have continued to contribute to my current success in education; some of them are underlined below; I understand how important education is. I was raised to be respectful to adults and follow direction of teachers. I have very good conduct in school, very good grades and I always try to please my teachers. I have formed a strong belief in following rules and laws of the school. I balance my work with playing various games such as basket ball and hockey I attribute my current status in life to how I develop as a child as far as being independent and carrying forward a strong sense of self esteem. I also remember that in order for an individual to be successful in any field one has to be disciplined and respective. Thus I have continued to be disciplined in school by avoiding behaviours and company which may mislead me. Discipline has helped me in achieving my school targets and also ensuring that I remain focused on education. Good communication and interpersonal skills Communication in any field remains the most important aspect in achieving a good relationship with various groups. In a college situation good and effective communication leads to a student being able to understand and be understood by both his/her teachers and also his/her fellow students. I have been able to cultivate good communication skills and interpersonal skills to be able to get the maximum from my teachers and my fellow students. This has also enabled me to create health relations with my lecturers and also fellow students. Thus being able to understand and be assisted by the lecturers in any area that I need assistance. This has highly contributed to my good performance both in class and outside class. I intend to improve my communication skills in order to enhance my understanding of subjects and people. This will of course improve my overall education performance. Time management Proper management of any resources will greatly ensure the success of the manager. For me, time is the biggest resource I have in school. I realize that if I managed well the time I have then I will definitely succeed in my education to this end I ensure that I do my assignments in the specified time and that I also attend my lectures without being late. This time management skills are also utilized when I am doing an exam, I ensure that I answer all my questions in the specified time. Certainly this is one sure way of any student to succeed. Short term educational objective My

Models of change Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Models of change - Research Paper Example These include increase in urgency for change, team building, vision construction, communication, empowerment, creation of short-term goals, persistence an establishment of permanent change (Kerollos, 2012). This model works best for small organizations and institutions due to its simplicity. It is also applicable in cases where change is intended for reasons of altering the goals of an organization, where it prepares employees for change beforehand. The third change model is that Change Management Model by Lewin and is organized into three stages known as unfreeze, transition, and refreeze (Kerollos, 2012). The model is characterized with hesitation towards change due to the discomfort caused by change in the environment that people work. Therefore, in order to overcome this state, unfreezing must be done to enter the transition zone where the actual change occurs. The refreeze stage occurs in order to stabilize the organization from the change process (Cellars, 2007). It is best suitable due to its nature in motivating employees towards a given goal that would not naturally work. In conclusion, the above three business models of change are diverse in nature with their modes of operation. They also have different suitability concerning use and application in their independent situations. In conclusion, the above three business models of change are diverse in nature with their modes of operation. They also have different suitability concerning use and application in their independent situations. Cellars, Tara. (2007). â€Å"Change Management Models: A Look at McKinseys 7-S Model, Lewins Change Management Model and Kotters Eight Step Change Model†. Yahoo! Voices. Retrieved from http://voices.yahoo.com/change-management-models-look-mckinseys-7-s-model-334598.html?cat=3 Kerollos, Joseph. (2012). The Management and Sustainability of Organizational Change in Primary Care Adoption of Electronic Medical Record

Effect of Drugs on Clinical Defence Mechanisms

Effect of Drugs on Clinical Defence Mechanisms Neither seeking pleasure nor damage motive are not enough to explain humans odd solution way for get ride of their misery life which represent addiction. In spite of the fact that misery life has inevitable side, substance addicts have problems with defining the emotions, difficulties with resist the pain. This individuals discover that substance which make them addict enable them to control and reduce permanantly their social problems and supriseful life events. So that substance implications use against explain feelings, depression, boredom, and anger. Psychodynamic approach form fundamental method for explaining substance function and meaning and the way addicts act toward cope their problems. Surely genetic, social science, family and system theories have effect on determining substance addiction one by one (Larssons et al., 2001). Khantzian (1985) stated in his self treatment hypothesis that weakness of ego, lack of self awarness, impulses and emotional defences direct individuls use substance or close to use (p. 105). Protecting personality as a ego function is a little bit complicated. It is a part of a sequence of defence and function such as signal, anxiety, evaluate truth, control, synthesis, decision. When a problem occur in this fuctions then defence mechanisms step in like denial, projection, and rationalization. In addiction process ego put forward as a focal point of pathology. Especially regression, denial, and projection emphasised (Fine Juni, 2001). Ãâ€"gel (2001) stated that lack of love and safety in psychosexual development stage lead to drug use for repress the anxiety and handle this situation when the child reach adulthood (p. 62). According to Ãâ€"gel (2001) as cited in Gà ¼lkan (1994) study on substance addiction with MMPI claim that this individuals have significant independency and negative thoughts, dense change in feelings, impulsive behavior, dissadtsfaction, discomfort and, imbalance. Also their are unable to comprehend and change the situaitons which they came up. This people also can describe as rigid, stubborn, sceptic, difficult and exremely sensitive and they strain social stimulies with defence mechanisms. The people who show their hostile feelings indirectly, use projection, have dominant umbrage thoughts, and sceptic aspects have instable thoughts , stress and anxiety intensively. They tend to exaggerate existing problems consciously and seem worse than they actually are due to taking more attention and escape from their responsibilities and taking more attention. These people use intellecttualization and rationalization but these defences became ineffective because their defences are weak (p. 72 – 73 ) .Denial is perhabs one of the best known defense mechanisms, used many times to define conditions where individuals appear unable to meet truth or accept an obvious reality. Drug users or alcoholics useally deny that they have a problem, while victims of traumatic events might deny that the incident never happened. Observation on addicts show that inadequacy object related task and difficulties on evaluating reality (Rutherford,1996). If our instinct expressed randomly we faced dangerous situations because ego defence mechanisms control and warn us. In this respect drug addictions have inadequate ego capacity for protect their selves. When desired effect received repetetive manner, person start to use less other answers and dealing with problems . As a result of approved by society this people tend to gradually increase regression. Nevertheless in the absence of other compliance mechanisms, for reducing the stressful situation ; prefered substance amount increased or they thought using another drug reduce the side effect of origanal substance (Mulder et all, 1996). Malaysia has changed its medicine programs from compulsory drug detention centers to ambulatory care programs with good care of hospitalized patients just in three months subsequently by after-treatment programs in order to cover permanence of the treatment program. The aim of this is to make ready patients to orientating to the society. Orientating is can be very difficult for addiction patients. A recovered addict uses his defense mechanisms in order to maintain his moderation. By and by, adapting styles might be incapably utilized by recuperating addicts as a part of their exertions to maintain a strategic distance from unpleasant circumstances and it happens when safeguard components are not being overall overseen. This is on the grounds that they make an agreeable circumstance since the addicts dont need to manage the unpleasant circumstances (Gorski, 1992). As their component of guards justifies the activity, their come back to medication utilization is prone to happen. Except their difficulties, their actions are logical and justifiable. Borderline and antisocial personality disorders (Presniak, Olson, MacGregor, 2010), and emotional problems: depression and anxiety (Blaya, Dornelles, Blaya, Kipper, Heldt, Isolan, Bond, Manfro, 2007) are personality disorders and ego defense mechanisms can be associated with them. In order to treat drug addiction with psychotherapy, the researches on defense mechanism have been extended. Defense mechanism have been observed in drug addicts of young adults (Grebot Dardard, 2010), substance abusers with psychotic symptoms (Aleman, 2007), and outpatient drug addicts (Redick, 2002). Gorski (1992) claimed that denial and avoidance defense style in the relapse process and the research development emphasizes the importance of studying the components of defense mechanisms. Studies above show that there is a connection between drugs and defense mechanisms. In the following list, we are going to see how defense mechanism effected by drugs; Here is the list of defense mechanisms that used by alcoholics and drug addicts: DRUGS AND DEFENCE MECHANISMS Denial The best evidence of drug using is denial of the reality. It is the clear evidence that a person drugging. Denial is the situation between, ‘I do not use drugs,’ and ‘I do use drugs but it is under my control.’ This kind of defense mechanism is the clear evidence that the defense mechanism do controlled and continued to controlling by drug. And also this process continues in spite of thinking about the disadvantages of drug addiction. The person also fears to not manage the usage of drug addiction and this kind of defense mechanism is the evidence for it. Selective Recall Interestingly, the defense mechanism takes only the good part of the experience and turns all deeds acceptable and justifiable. For example a person may say that he / she felt good and enjoyed the evening or he / she can say that everyone amazed of him / her. However, he / she do not remember the later part of the evening. In order to justify his / her deeds, a person remembers only good part of his / her experience with drugs and it is the work of defense mechanism. It is also called euphoric recall. Repression It may looks like selective recall because it also repression shameful and bad experiences during drug usage experience. Defense mechanism represses all things that are against his / her self or personality. It makes feeling that experience has not been lived. And it forces a witness of that experience to doubt about his vision and reality-knowledge. When someone questions or criticizing a drug user, he / she can use denial, selective recall and repressive defense separately or collectively. Projection In order to justify his / her drug use, a person can use this sort of defense mechanism. In order to be reasonable, person blames others or his / her environment to justify his / her deed. For example, a person may say that it is other fault and he / she should argue with himself / herself. Person may blame his parents and tell them that they have pressure on him / her and they should not gave him a birth. Or even a person can claim that other people never loved him / her. Rationalization When people do not expect the result of their actions, they mostly use this type of defense mechanism. It justifies their drug usage. For example, a person may claim that he / she deserve the celebration because he / she worked hard. Or he / she may connect his exam failure with his / her depression. And in order to justify his / her drug and alcohol usage he / she may say that everyone else was drunk and used drug, so he / she could not do anything. Regression Regression is when a person clings to childish actions in order to avoid the adult responsibility. A person in order to avoid his / her adult responsibility, takes role of a child. Person will try to take attention not to the drug usage but to his / her behavior such as screaming, crying and etc. When a person acts and defends himself / herself like this, those people who are against his / her drug usage focus not on his / her problems with drugs, but on person’s behavior. After all, they will let him do whatever he wills to do. Minimizing This defense mechanism tries to minimize the problem. For example, if a person used alcohol he may say that it was just two drinks or joints and that he knew what was going on. Or if a person sleeps deeply he may defend himself telling that he just took a nap for a while. Even if a person hits someone he may say that he did not hit another person hard. Also, he may deny that he is an addict by giving reasons such as he just uses Dope and E and not Coke and Heroin. REFERENCES Aleman, K. (2007). Object relation quality, alexithymia, and defense mechanisms of drug abusers with antisocial personality disorder. Social Behavior and Personality, 35 (10): 1335-1352. Blaya, C., Dornelles, M., Blaya, R., Kipper, L., Heldt, E., Isolan, L., Manfro, G. G., Bond, M. (2007). Brazilian-Portuguese version of defensive style questionnaire-40 for the assessment of defense mechanisms: Construct validity study. Psychotherapy Research, (3): 261-272 Fine J, Juni S: Ego atrophy in substance abuse: addiction from a socio-cultural perspective Am J Psychoanal 6 1(3):293-304,2001. Gorski, T. T. (1992). The Staying Sober Workbook: A Serious Solution for the Problem of Relapse. Independence Press: Missouri. Grebot, E., Dardard. J. (2010). Cognitive schemas, addictive beliefs, and defenses in cannabis addiction in young addiction. French Psychology, 55: 373-387. Khantzian EJ: The self medication hypothesis of addictive disorders: focus on heroin and cocain dependence. A J Psychiatry 142:1259-1264, 1985 Larsson S, Lilja J, Borg S, et al: Toward an integrative approach in the analysis of dependency problems, Subst Use Misuse 36(9-10):1323-1356, 2001. Mulder RT, Joyce PR, Sellan JD, Sullivan PF, Cloninger CR: Towards an understanding of defense style in terms of temperament and character. Acta Psychiatr Scand 93(2): 99- 104, 1996. Ãâ€"gel (2001) Ä °nsan, YaÃ…Å ¸am ve BaÄÅ ¸Ãƒâ€žÃ‚ ±mlÄ ±lÄ ±k TartÄ ±Ãƒâ€¦Ã… ¸malar ve Gerekà §eler. Ä °stanbul: IQ Kà ¼ltà ¼r Sanat YayÄ ±ncÄ ±lÄ ±k Cherry, K (n.d.) . In About.com Psychology. http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofperso nality/ss/defensemech_3.htm. Presniak, M. D., Olson, T. R., MacGregor, M. W. (2010). The role of defense mechanisms in borderline and antisocial personalities. Journal of Personality Assessment, 92(2): 137-145. Redick, R. (2002). The defense styles of outpatient substance abusers vs. non substance abuser. Unpublished doctoral dissertation: Chicago, Illinois. Rehab centers ca addiction treatment advice. http://rehab4addictions.com/?page_id=361 Rutherford MJ, Cacciola JS, Alterman Al, McKay JR: Assesment of object relations and reality testing in methadone patients. Am J Psychiatry,153(9):1189-94, 1996.

A doll house Essay

Henrik Ibsen play â€Å"A Doll House,† written in 1879, focuses on a story of a disparaging role of women in Victorian society through his doll motif, played out in Nora’s sudden distaste for her home. Throughout the play there are many examples of Nora’s husband Torvald treating Nora in an insulting manner because she’s a woman. Torvald calls her little pet names, and states that she’s frail. Nora does things according to what Torvald wants. Everything is done by his standards. He also doesn’t allow her to have much freedom. He doesn’t let decisions to be made by Nora. Torvald makes comments that suggest Nora could never understand anything, just because she is a woman. These examples show that feminism is a theme throughout the story. Torvald treats Nora almost like a child. He never actually talks to her like an adult. Almost as if Torvald thought that Nora wasn’t intelligent, or mature enough to have a conversation that had to deal with serious matters. He also has a lot of pet names for Nora. Whenever Torvald speaks to   Nora he usually calls her â€Å"my little squirrel†, and â€Å"little lark† as you would call a child. Torvald   also calls her a spendthrift whenever she asks for money. He never really calls her Nora, unless it is when he is serious, however any other time, he will call her by one of his pet names. Torvald also never speaks to Nora about anything important. He only talks to her about spending money, and about things of leisure, like the ball. Nora, in Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House†, is a modern woman limited by a traditional society which denies women power and autonomy. The central mystery and challenge of â€Å"A Doll’s House† is obviously the character of Nora. The story starts on Christmas Eve. Nora makes preparation for Christmas. While she eats macaroons, Dr. Rank and Mrs. Linde enters. Rank goes to speak with Torvald while Linde speaks with Nora. Linde explains that her husband has died and that she needs to find a job. Nora agrees to ask her husband to give Linde a job at the bank. Nora tells her about borrowing money to pay for the trip they took to Italy. She explains that Torvald doesn’t know that she paid for it. Rank leaves the study and begins to speak with Nora and Linde. He complains about the moral corruption in society. Krogstad arrives and goes to the study to talk to Torvald about keeping his job. A few minutes later, he leaves and Rank comments that Krogstad is one of the most morally corrupt people in the world. Rank and Linde leave, and Krogstad re-enters. He tells Nora to ask her husband to keep Krogstad at the bank, or else. If she doesn’t, he will reveal Nora’s crime of forgery to him. Krogstad leaves and when Torvald re-enters, Nora asks him not to fire Krogstad. Torvald says that he must fire him because of his dishonesty and because he gave Krogstad’s job to Linde. The nurse, Anne-Marie, enters and gives Nora her ball gown. Anne-Marie explains that she had to leave her children to take the job taking care of Nora. Linde returns and begins to help Nora with stitching up her dress. They talk for a while about Dr. Rank. Torvald enters and Linde leaves to the nursery. Nora asks Torvald again not to fire Krogstad and he refuses. He gives Krogstad’s pink slip to the maid to be mailed to Krogstad. Rank re-enters and tells Nora about his worsening illness. They talk and flirt for a while. Rank tells Nora that he loves her. Nora said that she never loved Rank and only had fun with him. Rank leaves to the study and Krogstad enters. He is angry about his dismissal and leaves a letter to Torvald explaining Nora’s entire crime in the letter box. Nora is frightened, and tells Linde about the matter and Linde assures her that she will talk to Krogstad and set things straight. Linde leaves after Krogstad and Rank and Torvald enters form the study. They help Nora practice the tarantella. After practice, Rank and Torvald exits and Linde enters and tells Nora that Krogstad left town, but she left a note for him. Nora tells her that she’s waiting for a miracle to happen. That night, during the dance, Linde talks to Krogstad in Helmer’s apartment. She explains to him that she left him for money, but that she still loves him. They get back together and Krogstad decides to forget about the matter of Nora borrowing money. However, Linde asks Krogstad not to ask for his letter back since she thinks Torvald needs to know of it. Both leave and Torvald and Nora enter from the dance. Torvald checks his letter box and finds some letters and two business cards form Dr. Rank with black crosses on them. Nora explains that they meant that Rank is announcing his death. After the bad news, Torvald enters his study and Nora prepares to leave. However, before she can get out the door, she is stopped by Torvald who read Krogstad’s letter. He is angry and disavows his love for Nora. The maid comes with a letter, Torvald reads the letter that is from Krogstad. It says that he forgives Nora of her crime and will not reveal it. Torvald burns the letter along with the IOU that came with it. He is happy and tells Nora that everything will return to normal. Nora changes and returns, she tells him that they don’t understand each other and she leaves him. Joan Templeton wrote a critical piece of â€Å"The Doll House Backlash: Criticism, Feminism, and Ibsen.† Templeton states â€Å"Whatever propaganda feminists may have made of A Doll House, Ibsen, it is argued, never meant to write a play about the highly topical subject of women’s rights; Nora’s conflict represents something other than, or something more than, woman’s. In an article commemorating the half century of Ibsen’s death, R. M. Adams explains, â€Å"A Doll House represents a woman imbued with the idea of becoming a person, but it proposes nothing categorical about women becoming people; in fact, its real theme has nothing to do with the sexes† (416). Over twenty years later, after feminism had resurfaced as an international movement, Einar Haugen, the doyen of American Scandinavian studies, insisted that â€Å"Ibsen’s Nora is not just a woman arguing for female liberation; she is much more. She embodies the comedy as well as the tragedy of modern life.†Ã¢â‚¬  (28). Joan Templeton had cited â€Å"All female, or no woman at all, Nora loses either way. Frivolous, deceitful, or unwomanly, she qualifies neither as a heroine nor as a spokeswoman for feminism. Her famous exit embodies only â€Å"the latest and shallowest notion of emancipated womanhood, abandoning her family to go out into the world in search of ‘her true identity;† (Freedman 4)† (30). Nora Helmer makes the right decision to free herself form the social and traditional commitments and obligations of the Victorian Era and becomes an independent individual. She lived in a world of pre-determined social and societal constraints that made her deprived of her own freedom and happiness. The society in which she lived wanted people to live according to the rigidly set norms and standards of the Victorian Society. Subjugation and oppression was the theme of the Victorian Society. Men and women were supposed to play the role that was assigned to them. Nora found herself in such a world of suppression. She was supposed to live a quiet life in a world that was dominated by her husband Torvald and the alike. She was however, totally dissatisfied with the life of subjugation. She could no longer surrender to the constraints of the society. The made her brake from the captivity and enters a new world of freedom. Nora Makes the right decision to free herself from the social and traditional commitments and obligations and become an independent individual. Nora is indeed a classical hero during her time of Victorian Society. She was hiding her character and personality throughout the play under the pretense of the ideal 19th century wife who completely abides to her husband. The character of Nora is quite tough to interpret, as she is made out of a combination of different traits, childish, and even selfish. Even though she is found to be playful and silly, she appears different in other places being practical and astute. She is indeed a hero as she was successful in showing that she is a supporting wife, and mother. Nora was expected to be content with the life she had, though it wasn’t in any way fair or equal. When she expresses her hope that Torvald would have taken the blame for her crime upon himself, Torvald says that â€Å"there’s no one who give up honor for love.† (875) and Nora replies that â€Å"millions of women have done just that.†(875). When Nora shut the door behind her, she wasn’t just a woman leaving her family. She was a woman seeking independence from the strictures of society and the rule of men which was placed upon her because of gender. A Doll House Essay Reflective Statement In Ibsen’s A Doll House, the setting is a critical part of understanding the issues presented in the piece. If it had not been set in 19th century Norway, many of the references would not have been possible. The setting of each of the acts the house changes, showing an allusion of a perfect doll house in the first act that is slowly diminishing threw out the last two. As a external way of showing the cultural and emotional conflicts with in the house. Plus, the significance of the cultural statement, about the unfairness of women’s roles, would have been lost. From this, we can conclude that it was relatively easy to understand Ibsen’s view on the social and cultural issues regarding women- a blatant inequality between the genders, both at home and in society. Regarding Mrs.Linde who comes into the play as a woman who has seen the outside world and worked for her living, Ibsen at the end shows her beginning a relationship with Krogstad to sho w even when a woman trails away from the protection of a man they always come back to their original place. It is difficult to understand the solution to these cultural issues, unless all women are supposed to walk out of their lives. If that were the case that would create more and if not equal cultural struggles and issues. This is similar to today, in that we are still trying to work on the inequality in society through efforts like affirmative action, with questionable success. That is why Ibsen’s use of techniques like setting and characterization are so important; these techniques are what Ibsen uses to convey his message to the audience. To show the struggle of each individual relationship in this work whether it be between Nora and Torvald Helmer, Mrs.Linde and Krogstad, or Dr. Rank and his undying love for Nora. A Doll House Essay Marriage, as an institution, facilitates the union of man and woman enabling them to raise a family. The wellbeing and happiness of the family depends equally on the man and the woman. But this equality is imperceptible in married relations, even in the modern society. The woman always compromises for the sake of her family and abandons her freedom. The play â€Å"A Doll House† by Henrik Ibsen depicts the situation of a married woman, Nora Helmer who has to repress her desires and behave according to the wish of her husband, Torvald. But as the play progresses conflicts began to arise between Nora and Torvald, owing to the changing nature of Torvald’s love for Nora. Throughout the play, Nora aims to act and behave in a manner which pleases her husband but at the end of the play, Nora decides to leave Torvald and lead her life in accordance to her wishes. The end of the play depicts a fit resolution to the main conflict in the play. End of the Play Nora is a skilled and wise woman but her husband regards her to be an asinine and childish woman. When Torvald was ill, Nora was the one who saved his life with the aid of money borrowed from Krogstad. But she refrained from revealing about the borrowed money to her husband so that his pride is not hurt. She also worked secretly to repay the debt. But she presents herself before her husband in a manner which pleases him. Her husband thinks that Nora is a silly woman and Nora continues to act like a one before him. Nora lives in her house like a doll whose strings are in the hands of her husband. But in the final scene of the play, Nora goes on to become an independent woman from a doll whose actions were controlled by her husband. Owing to Krogstad’s letters which reveal the details of the bond that Nora has signed while borrowing money from Krogstad and the forging of her father’s signature by Nora on that bond, Torvald suspects Nora’s loyalty towards her family. Torvald even goes to the extent of saying that their marriage has ended. He also prohibits Nora from raising her own children. Ibsen (2002) writes, â€Å"But I shall not allow you to bring up the children; I dare not trust them to you. † (pg 135). But when Torvald receives another letter from Krogstad, consisting of the bond, he is thrilled to be liberated from the bond. Now he praises Nora for her dedication and love that she had for her family, and also mentions that he has forgiven her for her mistakes Nora realizes that Torvald’s love for her is so conditional that it is easily influenced by the situations around them. Torvald is so concerned about his honor that he never thinks about the feelings of Nora. He fails to live up to the role of a husband who is responsible for protecting his wife’s honor. Nora expresses her discontent at Torvald’s self-centered behavior and decides to leave the house. Instead of being just a wife and mother, Nora desires to become a sensible human being. Ibsen (2002) writes, â€Å"I believe that before all else I am a reasonable human being. Just as you are—or, at all events, that I must try and become one. † (pg. 145). Torvald tries to convince Nora to stay with him but Nora refuses to listen to him. She leaves the house and goes in pursuit of an independent life where she can live according to her own desires and wishes. The end of the play serves as an appropriate resolution to Nora’s conflict with Torvald. Nora refuses to lead a doll-like life in order to save her marriage from breaking up. By leaving the house, Nora removes herself from the hold of her husband who treated her like a doll. An independent and determined Nora emerges in the final scene of the play. References Ibsen, H. (2001). A Doll’s House. Plain Label Books. 2002.

Vincent Hoy 4/9/2014 Professor J. Duran History 101 /...

Vincent Hoy 4/9/2014 Professor J. Duran History 101 / Spring 2014 Book Report Guide #1 A Perspective on Gentleman’s History In Michael Parenti’s, â€Å"The Assassination of Julius Caesar†, Parenti claims that Julius Caesar’s assassination was not an incident, and that his death would actually represent the war between the wealthy, powerful conservatives who call themselves, â€Å"gentleman historians† and positive supported lower-class citizens that believed in Caesar’s reforms. Since Caesar was gaining such an incredible amount of power and support from his people, the senate feared that Caesar’s influence would be push these reforms onto the lower-class citizens, and it would threaten and put the upper-classes privileged interests at risk. The†¦show more content†¦In the victory over the battle of Pompey, supporters that sided with Pompey, Caesar still forgave them, â€Å"Surely not his former opponents, the defeated Pompey supporters like Cicero himself, who had been allowed to return to Rome and the Senate with their properties intact, and who were now his staunchest and most appreciative friends† (Parenti 172). Caesars concerns wasn’t to be biased and was only in favor of returning to the prosperous, content Rome. The aristocrats then decided to mastermind a plan with the senators in order to take Caesar’s life and remove his reign of reforms. Upon arrival, Caesar would be gathered around his senators and hear about Tillius Climber’s petition about allowing his brother to be return from being exiled. Delivering the first assault would be led by Casca, followed by a slash from Cassius, and after encountering twenty-three stab wounds, Caesar would bleed to death and lay motionless. In America, our political system was just as greatly influenced by Caesar, which would create a place for democracy, where both classes of wealthy or poor, every citizen’s voices and opinions would be heard in our country. However the elites still resort to â€Å"gentlemen’s history† by arguing that whether the ignorant that believe that politics and history are only about power, the elitist still believed that living this way was the only way for them.

The Vietnam War Was A 21 Year Conflict Essay - 1505 Words

Visualize a country that cannot secure your future; moreover, think about leaving the country that you cultivated with your parents, brothers, and sisters for unrecognized land and culture. This experience distressed many Vietnamese refugees as they arranged to evacuate from Vietnam. They did not possess a choice; they either progressed or died in their homeland. Due to the end of the Vietnam War, many South Vietnamese desired to leave because of the new communist regime, treatment they received, and their futures. The Vietnam War was a 21-year conflict that originated in 1954 surrounding Vietnam in several wars. This instigated two specific engagements with two countries: France and China. The altercation between France and Vietnam was called the Indo-China which led to the U.S.’s involvement after France left Vietnam. Meanwhile, China commenced its interest in Vietnam after the defeat of the U.S. and South Vietnamese government. It hoped to demonstrate its influence as the top nation in Southeast Asia. This conflict inspired the U.S. fear of a domino effect of communism spreading throughout Southeast Asia when Vietnam fell; furthermore, the U.S. decided to assist the South Vietnamese to avert this event. North Vietnam had the support of Russia because many Russians hoped communism to expand throughout the world and they saw Vietnam as an opportunity to achieve their goal. Thus, many citizens needed to escape into South Vietnam from these communists. From a documentary,Show MoreRelatedE ssay about Effects Aftermath of the Vietnam War 1562 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War was the first major war American’s had suffered defeat. The Vietnam war was a war of confusion, competition and biasness. The outcome of the war was far greater than an upset American nation, but a severe breakdown of the Vietnamese culture, economy, environment and government. It also had a tremendous impact on American society even up to present day. It was unclear from the beginning of the war if the American’s should even be involved. It was a war between Northern and SouthernRead MoreHow The Vietnam War Changed America1291 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Vietnam War† (Hall xi), a rightfully said statement. Lasting from 1960-1975, it is America’s longest war and changed the United States politically, socially, and culturally during that period. In the early 1970s, the voting age was lowered to 18, largely because of the war. Also, Vietnam was one of the first wars in which African Americans largely participated. Lastly, Vietnam changed America culturally by causing mistrust in government. 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JapanRead MoreIn September 1969, Ho Chi Minh Died Of A Heart Attack In1088 Words   |  5 Pagesattack in the city of Hanoi. Despite Nixon s attempts at de-escalation, he was also secretly increasing bombing campaigns in Laos and Cambodia in order to stop the supplies coming from the Ho Chi Minh trail. The operation was kept secret from congress and the American people because Cambodia was technically a neutral country. The operation authorized B-52s to bomb Vietnamese bases and supply areas outside of Vietnam. A total of 111,000 tons of bombs were dropped from 1969 to 1970 inside CambodiaRead MoreKey Events of The Cold War 841 Words   |  3 PagesUSSR interests: The Cold War extended to all corners of the world with a proxy war on almost every continent. The South East Asian country Vietnam became a Cold War battleground for the Second Indochina war which involved both the US and Russia’s interests. It was, once again, the Capitalist struggle against Communism. The Vietnam War was a direct result of the USSR’s and China’s communist presence and pressure. It was part of the â€Å"Domino Effect†. The â€Å"Domino Effect† was a theory by US politiciansRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night By Elie Wiesel1017 Words   |  5 Pagesand when war occurs people tend to take on more responsibility than ever before. The United States is a prime example of making the world’s problems their own. When problems arise people step up and take responsibility. Like in the quote from Elie Wiesel, human suffering really is everyone’s problem. In war and times of conflict, America has intervened because they believe that it is their problem to try and solve. This is evident through speeches in World War I, propaganda in World War II, lettersRead MoreThe Significance of Television as a Propaganda Tool During the Vietnam War1656 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War has become remembered as a war that captured the American public’s hearts and minds through the distressing images that were shown on the television every night. With the world being entrenched in a Cold War America wished to continue its war against the threat of Communism even if it took them to parts of the globe that were not of direct significance to American society. To never appear as though America was involved with the direct fighting, the government sent military advisorsRead MoreThe United States Du ring The 1950 S1676 Words   |  7 Pages70’s what was the historical event that reminisced the most with you?† Denis answered â€Å"For me, the Vietnam War has had the most effect on me. Since I enlisted in the military at 18, I ended up doing two tours over there.† I knew my grandfather had served in the military for decades, establishing an impressive career; but I was not aware of the fact that he had actually deployed twice to Vietnam. The United States fought the Vietnam War for around two whole decades. Starting in the year of 1954 and